Mac重装系统配置
Mac重装系统
注意事项：
1、不要选择当前最新版本软件，而是选择落后最新一两个版的稳定版 2、老Mac OS的shell用的bash，新版本用zsh
- 环境：MacBook Pro (15-inch, 2017)
- 原装系统：Big Sur
1. 准备
备份好各种数据，用磁盘工具抹掉数据
关机
开机的同时按command+r
再次磁盘工具抹掉数据
安装原装系统（大约2h，视网络而定，期间不可断电断网）
初始化设置
升级系统到最新版（下载到安装约2h）
AppStore安装Xcode（约2h）
2. 安装基础环境
- 2.1 安装homedrew
（参考：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/homebrew/）
新系统的zshrc文件需要生成：touch ~/.zshrc
homedrew的安装路径是/usr/local/Homebrew
- 2.2 安装homedrew-cask
（参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/boboblue/p/13292533.html、https://www.aimtao.net/homebrew/）
terminal执行
brew tap homebrew/homebrew-cask
brew install brew-cask-completion
- 2.3 drew安装最新版java和java11
brew search java
brew install java
sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk.jdk
java --version
brew install java11
sudo ln -sfn /usr/local/opt/openjdk@11/libexec/openjdk.jdk /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-11.jdk
java --version
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
# java切换环境
# JDK 18 20220401最新jdk默认在openjdk.jdk,不带版本号
export JAVA_18_HOME="/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home"
# JDK 11
export JAVA_11_HOME="/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/openjdk-11.jdk/Contents/Home"
#默认JDK 18
export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_18_HOME
#alias命令动态切换JDK版本
alias jdk18="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_18_HOME"
alias jdk11="export JAVA_HOME=$JAVA_11_HOME"
- 2.4 drew安装python
brew search python
brew install python@3.9
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
# Setting PATH for Python 3.9
export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.9/libexec/bin:$PATH"
alias python="/usr/local/bin/python3"
alias python的地址可以用which python3查找
20230524 python3.9和3.10很多不兼容，切换回3.7或3.8
brew search python
brew install python@3.8
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
# 默认python3.8
# python3.8 一般默认装3.7或3.8
PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/libexec/bin:$PATH"
# python3.9和10.X很多插件不兼容
# PYTHON_3.9_PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.9/libexec/bin:$PATH"
alias python="/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.8/3.8.16/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/bin/python3.8"
# alias python="/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.16/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin/python3.9"
2.4.2 安装pip
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3
pip3 --version
2.4.3 安装pip_search
pip install pip-search
pip_search tensorflow
- 2.5 drew安装node.js
brew search node
brew install node@14
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
export PATH="/usr/local/opt/node@14/bin:$PATH"
验证
node -v
v14.19.1
npm -v
6.14.16
3.brew安装软件
- 3.1 sublime-text
brew search sublime
brew install sublime-test --cask
- 3.2 git管理 sourcetree (弃置)
brew search sourcetree
brew install sourcetree --cask
brew uninstall sourcetree --cask
另：sourcetree 生成的公钥配置中（vim ~/.ssh/config）需要手动补充用户的username，useremail
调教git：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43768946/article/details/90411154
- 3.3 xmind
brew search xmind
brew install xmind --cask
brew uninstall xmind --cask
- 3.4 postman
brew search postman
brew install postman --cask
- 3.5 jmeter
brew search jmeter
brew install jmeter
brew info jmeter
jmeter # 启动jmeter
4.网页下载软件
- 4.1 jetbrains全家桶
下载2020.3版，https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download/other.html
激活，http://www.520xiazai.com/soft/jetbrains-2020-pojie.html
- 4.2 adobe 全家桶
https://sameen.art/software-tool/adobe2020vposy.html
- 4.3 vssh
下载地址，https://www.osxwin.com/s/vssh-1-11-1
软件损坏等问题，https://mac.orsoon.com/news/1087137.html
- 4.4 navicat
https://xclient.info/s/navicat-premium.html
- 4.5 mindmanager
https://lapulace.com/mindmanager2020.html saner/123456
- 4.6 obsidian
https://obsidian.md/
5.开发环境安装
- 5.1 allure
brew search allure brew install allure设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
export PATH="/usr/local/Cellar/allure/2.17.3/bin:$PATH"
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/z1107445981/article/details/118468592
- 5.2 macdown(markdown的mac工具软件)
brew search macdown
brew install macdown --cask
brew uninstall macdown --cask
被支持mermaid画图的Typora取代，在Typora网上下载即可，后期收费版本brew cask无法直接下载。
- 5.3 ruby(mac中rubygems和ruby是一体的)
brew search ruby
brew install ruby
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
export PATH="/usr/local/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH"
验证
ruby -v
gem -v
- 5.4 jekyll
gem install jekyll （ruby确保配置成功）
Successfully installed jekyll-4.2.2
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
#jekyll
export PATH=${PATH}:/Users/zhaotong/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.1.0/bin
验证
jekyll -v
卸载hexo
npm uninstall hexo-cli -g
npm uninstall hexo
- 5.5 jupyter
pip3 list
pip3 install jupyter
jupyter notebook # 启动
- 5.6 tesseract（ocr-google）
brew search tesseract
brew install tesseract
tesseract # 启动
- 5.7 maven
brew search maven
brew install maven
验证（高版本不用配置环境了）
mvn -v
- 5.8 gradle
brew search gradle
brew install gradle
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
#gradle
export PATH=${PATH}:/Users/zhaotong/.local/share/gem/ruby/3.1.0/bin
验证
gradle -v
- 5.9 selenium
pip --version
pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple selenium
下载对应版本的webdriver
- 5.10 curl
brew search curl
brew install curl
...
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/curl/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc
设置环境变量~/.zshrc（配完记得启用生效source ~/.zshrc）
#curl
export PATH="/usr/local/opt/curl/bin:$PATH"
- 5.11 mysql
官网下载安装，账密：root 爱你我，现运行mysql版本为V8.0.30
参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/360858309
常用命令：
启动数据库 sudo mysql.server start/stop/status
mysql -u root -p
| 查看配置文件位置：mysql –help | grep my.cnf 当前使用的配置文件为 /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf |
- 5.12 jira
官网下载安装，需要的java版本为11或8，现运行java版本为11，jira版本为V8.8.0
JIRA Home Directory：/Users/zhaotong/jira
参考：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/114192816
常用命令：
启动jira /usr/local/atlassian-jira-software-8.8.0-standalone/bin/start-jira.sh 默认地址 localhost:8080
- 5.13 grafana
brew install grafana
参考：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1481832#:~:text=%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%A6%82%E4%B8%8B%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%20Grafana%20%EF%BC%9A%20brew,services%20start%20grafana%201.3%20%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE
5.14 tenserflow
python -v
python -m pip --version
pip install tensorflow
pip install tensorflow-gpu
>> activate tensorflow
>> python (activating python shell)
>> import tensorflow as tf
>> hello = tf.constant(‘Hello, Tensorflow!’)
>> sess = tf.Session()
>> print(sess.run(hello))